All I can say is that my son was very similar. He slept in 45 minute-2 hour stretches around the clock for pretty much the first 5 months of his life. He basically took cat naps. This sleeping arrangement brought my husband and I literally to the brink of insanity and beyond exhaustion.
There are many different ideas and schools of thought when it comes to babies and sleep and all you have to do is search for them and you'll find lots of suggestions on this site.
The only thing that finally got my son to sleep through the night was when we read and started following the book Secrets of the Baby Whisperer.
Personally, I don't think there is any "one-size-fits-all" solution for baby sleep problems and in our case, we just had to tough it out as all the advice that other experienced parents gave us didn't help or apply to our son and his particular personality. (Including, what LLLSarah mentioned about carrying him in a sling--in fact he HATED being in a sling--too confining--hated being swaddled--also too confining. And the "danger" in always having to hold your baby to get him/her to go to sleep is that eventually those babies get big and it's really not cool to have to put your 30-40-pound toddler in a sling and walk him/her around the house to get to sleep--remember, whatever habits you start now could continue on for years, actually).
You might think that 10 hours/day isn't enough because of what the average/normal suggestions by doctors are but the truth is that again, there is no one-size-fits-all. And as I've joked a bit on this site, "You can bring a baby to the bed, but you can't make him/her sleep." So, sometimes whatever we parents do--a lot of what our children do is out of our hands. (And that, to me, was quite frustrating...)
In the case of my son, he was just extremely alert and busy from birth. Come to find out, that's his personality. Even at 2-years-old he is still alert and busy. In fact, we never enjoyed the fabled "sleepy newborn days" with him--he was going full-speed almost from the time he left the womb. For him, the world is far too exciting to spend his time sleeping.
Having said that, when we went on the plan laid out in Secrets of The Baby Whisperer, our son from then on started having a very solid and good night-time sleep pattern. Even now, he lays down mostly without a fight (with his bedtime routine of bath, story, song and sleep) and sleeps a solid 12-14 hours every single night. From 6-months on, this is how it has been.
So, if you haven't read any information about putting your baby on a sleeping/eating/playing schedule, then I recommend starting with Secrets of the Baby Whisperer. But, as I said, there are many other sleep books and opinions out there--and the ladies on this site will have other tips to offer too.